In the Bowl

 In the Bowl, anything west sad painted fans?
Lightly but it is changing people's minds, but to the people so fickle.
Xiao Qing Li Shan language half strike, the final night of Yue Ling Ling do not complain.
Ru heartless silk clothing children, the day May fly wing to wing with sticks.
shown signs of life, if only just a beautiful illusion, because the appreciation has shown signs of becoming familiar with, to become lovers, becomes inseparable from possession, inseparable resentment. beauty in the moment met, time to stay at a specific time, specific location, the rest is heart is tired and struggle, which is love. because of greed that a memory, it becomes the hate, becomes resentment, became a quagmire.
feeling nothing, especially for a crazy person with epilepsy, is an injury, a kind of self-mutilation, a kind of torture, people go crazy, crazy, all of the ugly and shameless are exposed only to possession, in order to balance, to death. Friends say that you do more for the movie, because you're so crazy.
feelings of desire, lust, carnal desire also holds that human emotions are whirlpool in the feelings of the shift, I now you hidden. Chuxian Shi heartbeat, happy, Chuxian Shi panic, after the lingering love, love after the intoxication, to the familiar suspicion after, after the familiar jealousy , after the familiar fear, and finally the struggle, the struggle, the same as a very tough battle drug abuse, broken even, with a break, definitely again and again, and finally physically and mentally exhausted, the two-phase resentment, became the enemy general. love into hate, hate long tired tired after the numbness, the last strangers, no longer the slightest bit concerned about, the slightest thought, this is the feeling, the reality is not that romantic. is realistic feelings of the Chinese people. We do not dare to learn Japanese for Love, the Europeans will not learn enjoy the way the marriage and has shown signs of tiring feel bad, sad.
shown signs of life, if only simple simple simple again and then add a little romance, maybe not so annoying. because we cover each other, mutual suspicion, but also surface reality, this is the feeling, to be disturbed interests.
feeling is a desire, a hope, especially when after the end of a relationship and look forward to another strike through, because the situation has shown signs of beautiful, tempting you to find experience. walk, please do not look back, because you're young, you need to stop walking, stop the pursuit, the experience of non-stop, once stopped, you are old, old heart, the body is old.
do not go back after, whether to or not, turning back only let you see your own shadow, to stop their own pace, nothing will be left behind, nothing will save, but also missed a lot of the This is your chance.
shown signs of life only if, when you do not lose confidence, there is always to find a better than shown signs of life together, nothing exciting, like country music, like warm spring breeze, it seems clear sky Moon, like the stream flowing in general, euphemism quiet, real romance forever.

100 more turn to the back of the cold more cold jokes

 1: Once a man fishing, caught a squid only.
Squid ask him: Do you let me go, do not I eat ah roast.
Man said: Yes, I ask you to consider a few question it.
very happy squid said: You test it you test it!
and then the man put the squid to bake ..
2: I have too schizophrenic, but now we have recovered.
3: A student in the U.S. driving test, turn left in front of signs suggest that he was not sure, ask the examiner:
br> hh then hung up ..
4: One day, 5th Floor, mung bean jumped from suicide, a lot of blood flow into the red beans; has been festering, he is a soybean; wound end up with scars, and finally into the black beans.
5: Small sensible hair, next to the school, the students see his new hairstyle, smiles: Xiao-Ming, your head like a kite Oh-type! Xiao Ming feel wronged, to go out crying. I cried myself ~ he flew up hhhh
6: personal long as onions, walked wept hh.
7: Little Penguin one day asked his grandmother, Grandma Grandma, I'm not a penguin ah? ; Yes ah, ah you are a penguin, how is it? > wedding day h
a corn corn h
find another asked beside the popcorn corn: the corn you see our family do?
popcorn: Dear, people wearing Wedding of the Well hh.
9: music class, the teacher playing a Beethoven tune
Xiao Hua Xiao Ming asked: ;
Xiao Ming: raise the dead, the living What?
A: Jiaojiu Ming 2!
11: Question: cloth and paper afraid?
answer: cloth afraid of ten thousand, the paper just in case.
reasons: not (cloth) afraid of ten thousand, only the (paper) just in case.
12: One day a lady sat down car h
the way her mother did not know the way to play with a stick h.
mother ass drivers : Which?
Driver: This is my ass h..
13: an egg cup of tea to the tea, the results it became boiled eggs; an egg run the Songhua River to swim, the results it becomes the egg; have eggs went to a Shandong, turned into a Lu (halogen) eggs; an egg become homeless, it becomes a wild eggs; an egg on the way careful not to fall, fall in on the ground, turned into a missile; an egg go to the yard of the family, turned into a bomb; an egg go to the Tibetan Plateau, the results become a hydrogen bomb; an egg is sick, turned into a villain; an egg married, turned into a jerk; an egg go swimming in the river, turned into a nuclear bomb; an egg go to the flowers gone, turned into a Hua Dan; an egg riding a horse, holding a knife, that he is Peking Opera Blues; an egg or female, long ugly, the result becomes a dinosaur egg; an egg is male, his wife and the other eggs out adultery, and he became a son of a bitch ; an egg hh
14: host asked: Will the cat climb? eagle Responder: Yes! Moderator: examples! eagle tears: That year, I was fast asleep, the cat climbed a tree h later on With owl h
15: both feces shell dragonfly the welfare lottery, A said: I want to put in a radius of 50 miles award to buy down the toilet, eat your fill! B said: You Ah Tai Su a ! If I won the lottery to bag a living, eat fresh!
16: why the chicken cross the street
answer to get another side
17: A: That man is doing? < br> B: He was shaking.
A: Why did he want to shake it?
B: Yes he was cold.
A: Oh, not cold-drawn shivering.
A: hh < br> 18: Mr. Banana and his girlfriend have a date, walking down the street, the weather was hot, took off her clothes, Mr. Banana, after his girlfriend fell down hhh
19: a sausage is Off
feeling cold in the fridge, and then looked at the other side of the root, with the point of comfort, saying: ; I'm sorry, I'm popsicle. > 21: This diver is very difficult moves, he made a swivel for three weeks then take a half forward somersault backflip three weeks a month.
22: MM University of got lost looking for. met a gentle professor .
MM: May I ask, how can I go to college?
Professor: Only work hard in school, be above University.
23: Secretary and Chief of pooling the elevator, after the Secretary released a fart Chief said: You fart! chief said: I did not put the h soon be removed from office Chief Secretary said at the meeting: fart great things you can not afford to be magnanimous, to what you use?
24: Question: Now the business is not good doing it!
boss: Why?
Miss: , just graduated, did not find work, really do not have the money hh , I assure you, Allah will not grab one of us! Honey, you have a good lazy Yo, what with which to wash hh on the begging.
a drunk man walked by, that his poor, threw him a hundred dollars.
walking a few drunk one turned around to see the blind man to distinguish the sun goes big hundred copy of the true and false.
drunk over snatched the money back: I am looking for a friend in this, and he was blind, the toilet, but in fact I was dumb. Akira walked hh
28: Avian influenza mm are . know why Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit you?
AB: I do not know!
C: Because Adam did not smoke! (Hint: homonym of a word)
30: someone had just been abandoned by his girlfriend, happened in the street caught flirting with former girlfriend and the new love, he imagined gas, to humiliate them about. Then came forward politely greeted, and was contemptuously new love of his girlfriend, said: ! It felt like the People's Daily mm as real hh
32: just look at the top of the line of duty on the computer screen has a scroll bar things like news, the text above passes very quickly.
even curious to ask: This is the lyrics you?
Sister: Yeah!
Line of Duty: how flies so fast? no see!
Line of Duty: Jay!!
33: Wife: I really stepped on the dog blind feces will marry you.
Husband: I was really blind will marry you step on dog feces.
dog feces: Oh my good luck! lay there have been two of you to step on .. ....< br> 34: Chemical Examination Question: A and B can be transformed into each other, B in the boiling water can generate C, C in the air oxidation of D, D has the smell of rotten eggs, and asked A, B, C, D What the?
I A: A is the chicken, B is the raw eggs, C is a cooked egg, D rotten eggs of course, friends!
35: rubber, skins, lion's skin which the worst? < br> A: rubber.
because the eraser (rubber poor).
36: Q: 3 What is a foot tall thing???
answer: 3 foot tall monster!! !!!!< br> 37: ants go to the desert, and why the sand did not leave his footprints, leaving only a line on the road?
answer: because it is the bicycle!
ants back from the desert home, he did not tell anyone, but his family knew he was coming back! Why ah!
Answer: see his bike parked downstairs hh.
38: One day a woman was caught for drug use police, police saw her hand tattoos and asked her what are you doing to your boyfriend's name tattooed hands, he called the Little good is not h ah .. is not. quickly said that he had .. h. A drug that is not fast addict
looked up I saw that woman with the angry eyes of the police said

This is hate Rights h.
40: One day, Mel and her boyfriend driving out for a drive,
car almost out of gas, just next to a gas station, opened in the past, when a sudden gust of her boyfriend's hat blown off.
small beautiful boyfriend said to her:
through the woods, accidentally taken to a gibbon droppings,
kind of apes the apes cleaned differentiate.
But soon they fell in love, someone asked how did you come together?
gorilla said : Dead fat ..
43: There was a duck called the Little Yellow, one day it hit by a car when crossing the road a bit and yelled: : There is a penguin, his family home and far away from the polar bear, if by taking the case, have to go to get to 20 years. One day, the penguins stay at home, especially bored, ready to go polar bear to play, and he went out, but walked the road half the time found myself to forget to lock the door, which had gone for 10 years, but still have to lock the door, ah, then go home to penguins and locked the door. lock the door after the Penguins went off again polar bear, mean that he spent 40 years to the polar bears and penguins to their home hh door, said: Home play ~ more bun ah? ;
46: Little said: color.
48: a man, his stomach is not good. One day, he came to stomach the hospital, the doctor said: the like, said to him: it? pull down, pull finished, on the polar bear said: !
A: eat a vegetable!
52: two sausages in the fridge, over a long time,
a bit of a shake with the sausage, wow! cold ah ~!
very surprised the other sausages to say, hey? how can you say sausage?
53: One day,
Bucks have only run faster and faster,
went to the last,
it becomes a high-speed Bucks .
54: One day, a teacher took a group of adopted children to the mountains of fruit,
she announced that: All the children ran to pick fruits.
set the time comes, all the children are gathered.
teacher: Wash apples, because I picked the apples. : , Xiao Ming stood up but silent.
Teacher: Xiao-Ming?
Teacher: Xiao-Ming??
Teacher: Xiao-Ming! you how ah? you know the answer in the end ah? anyhow Zhiyi Sheng ah!
Xiaoming: squeak ~
56: elephant asked the camel: l how long your Mimi in the back? r
camel, said: l die away, I do not and the penis with a long in the face Speech on things!
57: how to make drink larger cups?
read Compassion
58: Xiao Ming: A few degrees today?
Xiaohua: minus 3 degrees Ah!
Xiao-Ming : No wonder so cold.
59: A little boy came home from school through the window and get a glimpse of a woman lying in bed wild man rubbing my chest, I shouted to a man!
next day the little boy found again from the window out of date woman lying on a guy,
the little boy went home and cried in bed mad rubbing my chest I want to bike to bike!
60: Once upon a bird,
him every day through a corn,
but unfortunately,
patch of corn one day, a fire,
have become all the corn popcorn!!!
after the bird in the past ... ...
that snow to cold dead ...
61: that there is a polar bear, because the snow was too harsh, and have to wear dark glasses to see things,
but he could not find sunglasses, so crawling around on the ground looking eyes closed, goes up and up Yeah, the hands and feet dirty crawl to find sunglasses. wear sunglasses, mirror a photo, and found: Oh, I is a panda.
62: science class the teacher asked: Why is a cold body after death?
no answer.
teacher asked: no one know?
At this time, there a student stood up and said: That is because �ľ���Ȼy.
63: Xiao Ming in a car accident lost a leg,
Xiao Ming in a car accident and lost a leg,
small crash out again lost his other leg,
small out in a car accident and lost his leg,
fact Xiao Ming is a dog.
64: One day, A, B, C three people go out to play, hang around for a long time to go on the road.
A later said,'m bored, I want to play B.
then C read A glance onto the alley to go play put the B.
65 : Three rabbit poo
pull the first section is long.
only the second ball of the.
third is actually a triangle.
ask it: I Yong Shounie The.
66: When will want reunification of Taiwan?
buy instant noodles when
67: One day Xiao Qiang asked his father:
father said:
Xiaoming dog owners see the fight of his dog, was unhappy to say: beat the dog to see the owner, heard of you?
when Xiao Ming said: good! I watched you, while playing your dog.
69: Bugs: flowers, you do with my pencil?
flowers: No, I did not use.
Bugs: You're useless?
Flower: I really useless!
Bugs: Well, you are useless in 17 people admit to a
70: ants after falling off from the Himalayas is how to die?
The answer: starvation. because too light floating down to ~ so long h
80: Why do dogs get smaller?
A: Because it is farther and farther.
81: Once there was a Ma! it fell into the sea Paozhepaozhao.
Therefore, it becomes a Ma, the result fell into the river. Later, he became It is several successive sets
car to run over, making him appear a good few black stripes.
result, it becomes companions, one day, it came to a factory, the result is transformed into raging As a result, all horses spared, no horse has become a world hh
then, a group of people could not help but after reading this joke to say: br> Finally, to commemorate this joke, it was compiled into a class, we call it > banks who said: tomorrow we must also, otherwise hh, chopped off two fingers;
the day after tomorrow, then hh, in cutting the four; the first 3 days, then hh
Xiao Ming: Is it not also the
banks of people: NO, to the time you become a little jingle.
83: a personal encounter God
day is good when God suddenly going to give that person a wish
God asked: Do you have What wish you?
man then said: I heard that cats have nine lives, then please give me 9 Mania now!
God said: Your desire to achieve slightly!
day That person idle boredom,
want to die a death anyway, 9 Mania Well
to lay the tracks,
results of a train in the past,
that people are still dead the.
Why is this?
because it sets the train cars are 10.
84: a guy to the hospital to be examined, and did a lot of testing.
doctor said: there is good news and bad news! read your test results, I find that you have potential homosexual tendencies!! and difficult to cure!
this guy said: Oh my God! that the good news then?
doctors shy to say: I found you quite lovely yeah
85: a hunter with his dogs to hunt in the woods a slip of the day did not prey.
dark, not willing to ride in, he just kept on woods turn,
horse suddenly said: l you do not give me a break, think I'm exhausted ah!? r
shocked to hear the hunter immediately roll down from the horse, pulling dogs to escape, went to a lesson under a tree panting, the dog patted his chest and said to him: l scared me, actually talking horse! r
so hunters spot was scared to death
86: wolf, tiger and the Lions who play the game will be eliminated? Wolf
because: Momotaro (out of the wolf)
87: A day pick a mirror facing the mirror of the talk about the importance; side of the people here, ah well familiar
B said; is? I see (taking the mirror), I ah! me that you do not know ah?
88: A tomato and tomato B to go shopping.
B Q A: Where are we going?
A does not answer.
B asked: Where are we going?
A or no answer.
B asked again.
turned on Tomato Tomato A B said: We are not tomatoes here? Why do we say it?
89: Once there was a white and a black cat white cat
day

cat fell into the water to save it white on black cat up
said something
`` Q: What does?
Why you? to eat.
small big question: Big Brother, why do we eat shit every day?
big wrote: Do not say when to eat something so disgusting!!
92: Caochuan in < br> Lu Su: > Zhuge Liang: wrong with you? ? ? , monkey scared, and now we must eat a good amount.
94: peripheral hospitals to prevent the escape of 100 patients, two patients still want to escape the mental hospital.
effort over the wall in the beating in the darkness. to 30 under the wall,
What you tired? play in the water,
suddenly was electric fish in the stream, the four boys were electrocuted to! guess an electrical appliance.
Con: ah .... do not know Jesus ~
Xiao Ming: the answer is the Water ah!
small Luo: Dad, why do we have a long woolen?
Camel Dad: Because the desert wind, we have relied on block wind and sand, we will see ah!
Small Luo: Dad, why do we have a thick hoof?
Camel Dad: Because the desert is sand, so that we stabilize ah!
small Luo: Dad, the last question , then we are doing here at the zoo?
97: hen incubates the eggs, with eggs from its ass drilled out
hen: you fart Haochou hh toilet speaking up.
100: a morning, to a known tough Executive Morning soldier asked: :

Andy Xie, a good time is already past

 Greenspan Xie fault assessment: a good time is already past 
Xie Sohu blog
war in the subprime mortgage crisis to the already highly Greenspan retired suffering.
people have criticized Greenspan in office to pursue a low interest rate policy and financial supervision and dereliction of duty for the current financial crisis sowed the seeds. Nobel laureate in economics Joseph Stiglitz and even died before he could harm still in the healing through the catalyst hot real estate market, allowing interest rates to 6.5% from the end of 2000 fell 1% in mid-2003, monetary policy too loose, and later took too long to return to a tight policy. This gave birth to too many mortgage loans, resulting in a housing bubble, combined with dereliction of duty of financial supervision, co-brewing to the financial crisis in a wide damage.
the face of these accusations, unfair, Greenspan believes. He recently argued, when the Federal Reserve cut interest rates to promote economic development and prevention of possible deflation.
at the earliest anti-Sige Greenspan's loose monetary policy economist Andy Xie seems feeble excuse Greenspan, Bernanke as Greenspan's successor, How to fix the U.S. financial system conflicts on the issue, Paulson proposed a blueprint for financial regulation is only one empty pie, financial institutions will face more stringent regulation.
Greenspan blamed < br> number of mortgage loans and real estate bubble, as the credit crisis. But Greenspan does not endorse, he said, before I have no power by Paul, and now blamed for unwarranted reasons. you as a reflection of the earliest Green Greenspan's monetary policy, economists, how to treat Greenspan to their defense?
Andy Xie: his argument is problematic. to the real estate bubble, he considered not only the United States, other countries have , which is to say, people can get sick, the United States can get; In addition, he believes the bubble is unstoppable, it must be by special causes. These claims are wrong. is too loose because the U.S. currency only other currencies are forced to relax, causing the foam around the world. While U.S. monetary policy is based on local, but other national monetary policy are subject to American influence, this is the background of globalization of capital flows caused. So, in fact real estate bubble and the central bank's policy-relevant, but the core of central bank policy is the U.S. central bank's policy. the Federal Reserve during Alan Greenspan's loose monetary policy to the real estate bubble provides the guns and ammunition, the U.S. is the chief culprit of global real estate bubble.
The second is the issue of financial supervision. Greenspan's tenure, to the significantly lower mortgage lending standards, when many economists think it may be a problem, also delivered a number of related articles. But Greenspan believes that these high-risk subprime mortgage products, though, but he let more people have the opportunity to buy a house, he felt that a risk worth taking. evidence that this is completely wrong, for those who can not afford a house, bought a house through the sub-prime , because the bubble burst led to the bankruptcy, the situation is even worse. When we say that when the regulation in question, Greenspan did not adjust the regulatory standards. It is the loose monetary policy and regulatory negligence, caused the housing bubble development.
can say is his failure to judge, it seems difficult to blame too.
Andy Xie: the possibility of deflation in the United States was very small, because the United States a large number of foreign trade deficit, interest rates will drop money down, will not form crunch, unlike Japan, Japan's trade surplus was a large number, this is a very important distinction. In fact, Greenspan, he knows, he cut the main purpose is to stimulate the real estate, real estate to offset the technology bubble through caused by the collapse of some of the pain. But in fact, a bubble burst, it should have its own adjustment process, there is no free lunch, Greenspan by stimulating the real estate to offset the painful adjustment process, in fact, by instead of creating a bubble bursting of another bubble, but the pain pushed backwards, he did not answer after the collapse of a bubble is that there are painful. and that such pain may be caused by the greater.
: Greenspan on the real estate bubble has made some warning that he is wary of the real estate bubble still exists.
Andy Xie: Greenspan said at the time to stimulate the real estate, then real estate prices, he and that is impossible to form a national real estate bubble, because real estate is a local industry and market. But in the case of financial innovation, money loose in the environment, we regard the money to vote in the real estate industry time, which formed a national phenomenon. a lot of people, including my own articles that are relevant to analysis. The core problem is that Greenspan, who is no other way to economic support to live, so he came up a bubble, leaving the future to resolve the problem, I think he was thinking this way.
Pan whether the U.S. economy to have much impact?
Andy Xie: Wall Street is very important, Greenspan had worked on Wall Street. Wall Street wants this business to make money, there is a lot of interest behind the driver.
a thriving appearance. how do you evaluate his impact on the global economy?
Andy Xie: At that time the economy have brought great benefits, but for the United States, and ultimately is a great harm. now the subprime mortgage crisis will spread to many countries, there is a long time to go.
end, and other U.S. economic recession comes, the real pain is not the financial markets, but the labor market. The unemployment rate increased significantly, people will appreciate the specific to pain, we will Greenspan's policy of a true reflection. After the collapse of the last tech bubble, the Fed did not let the economy, after the adjustment process, but has created another new bubble, so, after The adjustment will be more painful, the United States four to five years may also need time to adjust.
of recovery.
Andy Xie: Chinese philosophy, when all countries have a bubble, central banks can not determine is not a bubble, then let it go, the central bank can do is after the collapse of the bubble, by reducing interest rates to reduce economic losses caused by collapse of the bubble. This is a wrong idea. First, the so-called interest rate cuts reduce losses, but to create a new bubble. the future will be even greater, since there is a painful collapse of the bubble This pain must be accepted. Second, that the central bank can not determine is not a bubble, to prevent the bubble bigger, or the prevention of bubbles appear. This is very wrong.
is already reflected the impact of the bubble burst?
Andy Xie: The current unemployment rate to 5.1% in just the past, when the lowest is 4.4%, has been increased, but from the 7%, 8% as well from it, probably end of next year will rise to 7%.
Obviously inflation. how do you explain this phenomenon?
Andy Xie: Because of internationalization and globalization, technology and bring down inflation to go such a trend, then loose monetary policy will not cause inflation to rise rapidly. will cause rise in house prices, appeared to be very prosperous, but the consequences of this policy is the formation of large trade deficit, because he was too high to stimulate the domestic consumption demand.
Greenspan is a relatively rational?
Andy Xie: he seemed to some of the emperor in Chinese history, a good time made him account for, and good use is over, the next is a bad thing to encounter.
Bernanke's choice
crisis does not seem much different. you think, compared with Greenspan, Bernanke is handling the crisis have its own characteristics?
Andy Xie: Bear Stearns Bernanke practice dealing with the long-term in response to Greenspan Capital Management collapse similar. but from now Bernanke's point of view, his approach is to wait until the economic recovery or stability of the time, he would quickly raise interest rates, which is very different from Greenspan. Greenspan quick cut in interest rates, and slowly raise interest rates, this asymmetry is caused by monetary reason for flooding is very important.
that his role will be the curtain call a tragedy.
Andy Xie: Bernanke has no way out. inflation index is so high that last year was 4.1%, this year may be higher. In this case, further reduction of interest rates, inflation would be more serious, after the deal will bring great pain.
pain or long pain problems. He is now asked to engage in financial stability, the financial institutions are saved, then control inflation. so that would not be too serious, but the digestion is slow, over time, coupled with interest rates, inflation control, the whole process of adjustment probably extended to 15 years.
I feel, might as well allow the bankruptcy of financial institutions, government financial means to support and then the economy. If Bear Stearns went bankrupt, the U.S. economy will ripple, but can be financial resources, coupled with cut interest rates to offset, of course, the economic recession will be relatively large.
Bernanke chose to use Depression, I think it does not necessarily, but there will be a big recession, a sudden decline by 5 percentage points, and then began to rebound into the rise of a new cycle of health.
low interest rates, weak dollar policy, have any effect on its economy in the end?
Andy Xie: The role is not great, so much the U.S. economy, the use of the weak dollar to promote exports, exports to other countries caused the economic slowdown. Do not country's economic needs will fall. So the weak dollar policy is limited.
large, more difficult. current decline in the absolute number of Chinese exports is not very likely, because the developing countries, the resource impact of higher prices, import demand is prosperous, China is benefiting from this, China's exports can sustain about . But the end of the year may go to low double digits next year, there will be three digits is possible.
should be limited to the behavior of financial institutions
financial regulatory blueprint. how do you see?
Andy Xie: impossible to achieve, he proposed a blueprint to simplify the regulatory system in fact, he is the sake of the entire financial sector, so much out of the sub-prime thing, the Parliament must Council passed a bill to limit some of the new financial system, space, and he now actually to increase the space, which is of course impossible. He is in fact draw a pie, and then create public opinion, so that the next parliament will not adjust done too far from the policy point of this is a move. The blueprint has been adopted by the Parliament nor the possibility that the Parliament will not even look to see.
proposed expansion of the Fed's financial regulatory authority, is almost impossible to achieve?
Andy Xie: Parliament there will be a new bill, the Council will suffer from it the sake of the people, how to reduce the people to pass the bill next longer the risk of suffering, which is the core of the bill, rather than more convenient to do business as the core of Wall Street. From this perspective, the Paulson blueprint is in no use.
U.S. financial system, many unreasonable, Paulson proposed a blueprint that should have some reasonable, right?
Andy Xie: There is a certain rationality, but he's starting point is wrong, he's starting point is for the financial institutions sake, this is impossible, and now not even think, the Parliament will not even look to see. five years, the U.S. financial system, the reform will occur gradually, the restrictions on financial institutions will become increasingly serious.
The problem now is that many people who engage in the financial sector sent the game to their own bonuses and hurt customers, harm the country, are for their own interests. is the core issue is how to limit their behavior.
Andy Xie Sohu blog

Republic of Macedonia

 Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: is located in South-East Europe within the small landlocked southern Balkans, east of Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro north west of Albania, south of Greece. As opposed to the Republic of Macedonia with Greece, most countries and the United Nations and other international organizations, the country now are being referred to as .
Republic of Macedonia, formerly part of Yugoslavia, now the capital and major city is Skopje. Since independence, Macedonia and Greece, the country name dispute issue, the problem has still to be resolved.
dispute
; Macedonia . Greece believes that the Slavic peoples (Slavic Macedonia) established by the State entitled to use the name as belonging to the Greek name of country. As the Greek protests, most countries, the United Nations, the European Union, the International Olympic Committee Dengjun does not recognize the Republic, the United States, Russia and other former Yugoslav republics.
the early independence of the Republic of Macedonia, had used the flag, in ancient Greece, Macedonia, Greece that the Republic of Macedonia has no right to use the flag. At the same time the Macedonian Constitution, which refers to Minority Affairs, and even in northern Greece have ambitions of territorial expansion.
For these reasons, the early independence of Macedonia, held in Athens, Greece and other places of mass demonstrations to protest the use of the Republic of Macedonia also began in February 1994 to the economic blockade of the Republic of Macedonia, the Republic of Macedonia's foreign trade hit. The Republic of Macedonia in September 1995 the final change in the flag and amend the Constitution (new section reiterates the territory of neighboring countries of Macedonia, without any claims), followed by Greece end the economic blockade. Although Greece, Macedonia, the deepening economic ties between the two countries, but the problem has not yet come to the country name solutions.

history of Greek civilization in ancient Macedonia, the northern end of the border areas, the place BC the rise of the 4th century Macedonian Empire had conquered Asia Minor, Persia, Egypt and other places, to spread Greek civilization throughout the Middle East.
Macedonia in northern Greece, from the upper and lower composition of the two regions of Macedonia. Macedonia is on a mountain plateau, and only Several passes with the outside world. under the Macedonian fertile land suitable for agriculture, is Macedonia's political, economic and cultural center, it is traditional for the Macedonia's suzerainty.
Macedonia's ethnic composition is complex. In the early Bronze era, a group of Greek speaking tribes moved to Macedonia, in batches, after gradually move south, but some people still remain in North Greece. may the 7th century BC, which left people in an occupation of Egypt, Macedonia mm cover, expansion into Macedonia under the coastal plain, forming a Macedonian state. They worship the Greek gods, especially the worship of Zeus and Hera, Chris. on the other Greek tribes in Macedonia and the Illyrians, who sent Ao Niya, Thracian mixed. On the whole, not pure Macedonian Greek, but there is history and relationship with the Greeks.
Macedonia on the road in the development of civilization, the Greeks much later than in the south of the step. In the Greek city-states had to achieve political, economic, cultural highly prosperous times, Macedonia has just entered the threshold of a civilized society. King is the owner of the land, the highest commander of the war, in foreign relations on behalf of the country. He is priests, judges and the Treasurer. but the power of his rule are subject to certain restrictions, the various tribes remained under considerable independence, with its own royal family and the tribal king, during the war as a nominal vassal king to send troops to fight. king hereditary throne, subject to approval by the people, the people also have the right to depose the king. related to cases of treason, to be tried by the people. Macedonians, mostly farmers and herders, but also are fighters. king selected him in the tribal aristocracy comrades in arms, comrades in arms to be completely loyal to the king, usually in palace affairs during the war with the king set off. From these comrades, the king of his selection and some composed of was under Persian rule. but the Macedonian king Alexander I (about BC 495m450) of dark-pass against the Persian invasion of Greek city-states, the Persian military intelligence report.
into the 4th century BC, Macedonia, northern Greece, leaped into the an important country. Macedonian kings to the introduction of their advanced culture and the Greek court, and the Greek city-state trade. the economic development of the Macedonian major changes have taken place, the village into a town, Pera became the largest city in Macedonia and capital of the Kingdom.
Macedonia is really powerful when Philip II. the early summer of 359 BC, Macedonian king's youngest son for the king before the election, the new King Philip's uncle as regent. Philip in his early years hostage in Thebes, and Thebes famous Ipanema close friend south to get to know. He was careful to understand the political situation in the states of Greece, diplomatic means and methods of warfare. This experience greatly to his later success. He was ordered in times of crisis. At this time, the situation in Macedonia is a bit confusing, trying out some territories and independent Macedonia, Philip's half-brother who is waiting for an opportunity compete for the throne. Philip the situation and able calmly and quickly stabilize the situation , won the prestige and power. may at this time, the Macedonian king who breaks a child, elected official for the King Philip, that Philip II (BC 359m336 years).
Philip drastic reforms, first of all strengthened the monarchy. He through conquest, marriage, the selection of his comrades, packet and other means to control the nobles of the tribes in their range, and to weaken their power. For the remote place, the annexation of the time is not ripe to Let the local maintenance of the old system. The conquest of the land is incorporated into Macedonia, and to support their forces there to strengthen the rule of Macedonia. raising his own status with the traditional, Chris claimed to be descendants of Hera.
army Philip conquest and domination is the most important tool. In order to improve the army's mobility and combat techniques, his military system on the basis of tribe, created mainly by the nobles and rich farmers formed a standing army, owned by the direct command of the king. Philip lessons at the end Bies military establishment characteristics, composition of a more intensive, in-depth square Macedonia. He strengthened the army's weapons and equipment, and established a powerful fleet. In short, Philip's military reforms in various branches of the military in Macedonia to better advantages, in coordination. Philip pacification of Greece, Alexander's expedition to the East, the Macedonian army military virtue is this.
economy is the basis for statehood, Philip must not willing to be excluded from outside the maritime trade. To this end , he built a new city, open to the sea, gold mining Pan Aung leather (annual output of 1,000 Tarrant). is particularly important for the currency reform. he gave up the old Persian currency, silver coins to Thrace system, gold coins to Afghanistan Utica system. Thus, in Thrace, Macedonia, and Athens could be the circulation of money within the free trade, especially to the Southern League neighbor Carl Dis trade interest.
Philip's reforms as the Balkans, Macedonia military power. west of Illyria, Epirus, eastern Thrace, north of the camp Ao Niya, are within his sphere of influence. Philip ambitious, have a strong desire to conquer. strengthen the monarchy , land expansion, in power, and neither strife nor the case of foreign aggression, internal strife in the southern Greek city-states still intoxicated further conquest of nature has become his goal. subsequent Macedonia over from the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire (led by the Greeks) other rule .5 century Slavs entered Macedonia, and in the place (especially the inland areas of Macedonia) to settle, and thus laid the divided north and south of modern Macedonia (South: Greek / North: Slavs) basis.
837 years conquered Bulgaria, Macedonia, and in the late 10th century in the place of the Ohrid (Ohrid) in the Byzantine Empire and its capital .1018 conquered Macedonia in the next several centuries in Macedonia Byzantium, Bulgaria and Serbia changed hands between the beginning of the century the Ottoman Empire .15 conquered Macedonia, and began a 500-year rule.
19 century Greece, Bulgaria and Serbia have started Zionism, rise of nationalism, Macedonia Three of the battleground has become common for .1913 of the three countries of the Ottoman Empire won the First Balkan War, the Ottoman will be cut to three countries of Macedonia, but the specific partitioning Macedonia among the three programs because of the outbreak of the Second Balkan War eventually Greece, Serbia beat Bulgaria, Macedonia, three countries will divide up. Serbia received some of the modern Republic of Macedonia's territory. After World War I, Serbia became part of Yugoslavia.
World War II, Greece, Yugoslavia ally, Bulgaria joined the Axis powers led by the German camp, Greece, Yugoslavia, after being captured in Germany, Bulgaria, Macedonia had the most points, but the war between the countries after the end of the pre-war borders and restore the situation.
World War II, Tito led Yugoslavia to become the communist country, 1946, Tito will be separated from Serbia Macedonia became a republic of Yugoslavia In 1991 September 17 FRY Macedonia peace from separation, but the horse immediately, and Greece, country name dispute broke out, the last of Macedonia in 1993, 400,000 ethnic Albanian refugees from Kosovo into Macedonia in the spring of .2001, ethnic Albanians in western Macedonia, began an armed rebellion in a brief civil war broke out in Malaysia, and later the two sides in June in the mediation of EU officials reached a cease-fire agreement, agreed to put down ethnic Albanians armed, Malaysia agreed to give ethnic Albanians more power within the ethnic relations after Ma Guoguo some improvement.
political
Republic of Macedonia to implement a parliamentary democracy, executive power by the Macedonian Parliament (unicameral) political party coalition government control. the symbolic head of state as president, the government is the prime minister.
Macedonia is seeking to join NATO and the EU.
Macedonia is divided into 85 municipalities, the capital of Skopje from 10 composed of the town.

Macedonia is landlocked geography, land accounts for half of the generalized Macedonia. China is mountainous, the main rivers running through north and south of the Vardar (Walter Dahl River). the capital city of Skopje, the largest, Other major cities are Bitola (Bitola), Kumanovo (Kumanovo), Prilep (Prilep), Tetovo (Tetovo).
economic disintegration of the former Yugoslavia
, Macedonia, for domestic the poorest regions, because the socialist economic transformation after independence, the regional situation in the volatile, the United Nations economic sanctions on Serbia, Greece, Macedonia in 94-95 years of economic sanctions, war and other reasons during the year 2001, the Macedonian economy stagnant until the 2002 began to gradually recover, since the place is still one of the poorest countries in Europe.
ethnic Macedonian population
are:
Macedonian Slavic: 64.18%
Albanian: 25.17% < br> Turkish: 3.85%
Roma: 2.66%
Serbian: 1.78%
religion:
Orthodox: 70%
Islam: 29%
 Area name. central and southern Europe, the Balkans region. west Albanian mountains to the east Rhodope Mountains, north of Asian mountains break the southeast Aegean Sea. an area of about 67,100 square kilometers. located in the heart of the Balkans, the south gateway to the Mediterranean, has been as an important trade and military channels. the rise of the ancient Macedonian Empire in the later part of the Roman Empire has .1913 and the Ottoman Empire after the Balkan war years belonged to Yugoslavia, Greece and Bulgaria, the three countries. a major regional city of Thessaloniki ( Xi), Skopje (South).
Republic of Macedonia
The Republic of Macedonia
Republika Makedonija
area of 25,713 square kilometers.
population of 2,106,664 people (1994). Macedonia, a multi-ethnic countries, the main ethnic group in Macedonia (66.67%), Albanians (22.99%), Turkish (3.9%), Romany (2.2%) and Serbs (2.17%). The official language is Macedonian. residents believe Orthodox, Muslim minority.
capital of Skopje (Skopje), population 444,760 people (1994).
Head of State President Boris. Trajkovski (Boris Trajkovski), 1999 was elected in December.
profiles in central Europe, the Balkans, is a landlocked country. west of Albania, south of Greece, Bulgaria, the east, the northern border with Yugoslavia. climate is temperate continental climate dominated most of the agricultural areas the highest in summer temperature of 40 , winter minimum temperature of -30 , the western Mediterranean climate, average summer temperature is 27 , annual mean temperature is 10 .
7th century Slavs moved to Macedonia, half of the 10th century Ye to 1018, Samo Iloilo established the first Macedonian state. Since then, Macedonia and Turkey, a long period under the rule of the Byzantine .1912 for the first time after the end of the Balkan wars, Serbia, Bulgaria and Macedonia, the Greek army occupied the area. After the Second Balkan War in 1913, Cyprus, security and hope to re-divide up Macedonia. geography is part of Serbia, said Walter Dahl Macedonia, is part of Bulgaria, said Pirin Macedonia, belonging to the Greek Aegean part of Macedonia, said. The first Macedonia into the Serbian World War ߶ Xue Kui Sam Temple Overseas Slovenia Kingdom (1929 renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). World War II, Yugoslavia established the People's Republic (1963 renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia), Macedonia, Serbia, Walter Dahl originally became one of the constituent units of the Yugoslav Federation, said the Republic of Macedonia, November 20 In 1991, Macedonia declared independence on April 7 .1993, Macedonia as a temporary name to the United Nations.
politics in 2000, the Macedonian political instability. struggle for power within the ruling coalition, the coalition government reorganized several times. Opposition parties called for the dissolution of government, early elections and the organization of large groups? protests .7 1 Japan, Malaysia's largest opposition Social Democratic League to the Parliament no-confidence motion against the government, far from being achieved since taking office that the government campaign promise to require dismissal of Prime Minister ǰ¶ Nowitzki, but no-confidence motion has not been adopted by Parliament .27, the government was reorganized .8, Masan internal divisions within the party coalition government, parliament members against the current rapid increase in the government, the government faces the risk of impeachment .11 24 May, the coalition government of the democratic choice of the party announced its withdrawal from government, the opposition Social Democratic League for the composition with the largest parliamentary majority to form a new government. Prime Minister ǰ¶ Sharansky's democratic government to replace the selected party members, a larger reorganization of the government. In the end, the internal revolution Ma organizations, ethnic Albanians Democratic and Liberal Party has become a new coalition government.
9 10 May, Ma held local elections, the election of the head of the National District 123 and District Councils and the Mayor of the capital Skopje and the City Council. to Ma composed mainly of the internal revolutionary organization the Alliance for Change won, but the main opposition Social Democratic League in Skopje, Bitola and Tetovo and other cities over a coalition for change.
the Kosovo crisis, Ma Albanian the growing tendency of family separation, ethnic problems have become increasingly prominent. Albanians continue to insist on amending the Constitution to require a main ethnic Albanians, A language an official language. Albanians Democratic Party politics, the Ma government promised to give ethnic Albanians by the corresponding rights of European standards and made a number of initiatives to ease the ethnic conflicts, ethnic conflicts and the domestic horse was relatively slow. Since February 2001, the Kosovo Albanian extremists in Macedonia many times over the Yugoslav border, the village occupied by horses, border guards exchanged fire with the horse. followed by Albanians extremists and border areas in Malaysia's second largest city Tetovo (Albanians inhabited) attack Ma, Ma was heavy fighting back. Meanwhile, the MAA group held rallies, public claim to be the main national, advocate establish a federal, state, horse rising ethnic conflicts. horse after the border conflict, President Ma, government, parliament have issued statements strongly condemning the terrorist acts of ethnic Albanians extremists, decided to take all measures to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity; criticism in no serious implementation of the Kosovo peacekeeping force mission, protecting the border with Kosovo horse; appeal to the international community to support the horse. Ma also caused the deterioration of the security situation in the international community's serious concerns, violence Albanians extremists unanimously by the international community 21 .3 condemned the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1345, strongly condemned in parts of Malaysia and South Severn region extremist violence, reaffirms the international law and UN Security Council Resolution 1244, Malaysia, South sovereignty, territorial integrity and borders must not violations, requiring the officer to immediately stop for the South, the horse armed activities, lay down their weapons and return to their homes. NATO and the OSCE issued a statement expressing support for Macedonia's security, stability and territorial integrity. strengthened peacekeeping force in Kosovo, a Kosovo side of the horse - South border patrols, allowing police to return the FRY and the horse adjacent areas south of the The situation deteriorated again.
 Constitution November 17, 1991, Macedonia passed a new Constitution, which Macedonia is a sovereign, independent, democratic and welfare state, the president by universal suffrage by secret ballot, five-year term, up to not more than two terms of 1992 and January 6, Ma Parliament amended the constitution, the statement has no territorial claims on neighboring Malaysia.
 Council country's top legislative body, elected for a term of four years. the parliament in 1998 elected in October, from 7 the party's 120 members, consisting of the reform coalition won 62 seats, Social Democratic League 27 seats, 14 seats Democratic Welfare Party, Albanians Democratic Party 11 seats, Liberal Democrats, 4 seats, the Socialist Party and the Gypsy horse Coalition of the 1 seat. now Speaker Stojan. Anduo Fu (Liberal Party).
 government executive body of state power. The Government elected by the parliament. this government formed in November 1998, the Prime Minister Liu Pu Qiao . Georg Jiai Ostrovsky (Ljubco Georgievski) .2000 In November, the Ma government reorganization. the current government members are: Deputy Prime Minister and Minister Zoran matter. Michaels Tew Chomsky (Zoran Krstevski), Deputy Prime Minister Ladd Mira. Kip Calabria Nova (Radmila Kiplijanova), Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Labour and Social Policy Bader Reading. Ibrahimovic Rahimi (Bedredin Ibraxim), Foreign Minister Sier Gu. Kerim (Srga Kerim), Defense Minister Nikolay. Ke Liu SAF (Nikola Kljusev), Minister of Finance Nikola. Gruevski (Nikola Gruevski), the Minister of Justice Nasu Fei (Nasufi), Minister of Economic Affairs bass Nick. Philippines Thailand (Besnik Fetai), Transport Minister Bobby. Spear Khodorkovsky (Bobi Spirkovski), Minister of Science Merieux. Lusha Ni (Merie Rushani), Information Minister Leigai Pu. Zi Late Library (Regep Zlatku), Culture Minister Dimitar. Dimitrov (Dimitar Dimitrov), Youth and Sports Minister Georgi Bhattacharjee. Baoai Fu (Georgi Boev), urban planning and construction minister Du Shike. Lakshman Ephron Sharansky ( Dusko Kadievski), Vladimir Agriculture Minister Siniora. ֱȶ˹ (Vladimir Dzabirski), Health Minister Stoyan. Borghese Danuo Fu (Stojan Bogdanov), Minister of Education Naina De. Martynov Khodorkovsky (Nenad Novkovski ), Trade Minister Nicholas. Gruevski (Nikola Gruevski), Development Minister Mary Jana. ڷ˹ (Marijana Danevska), Immigration Minister Mardin. ڷ˹ (Martin Trenevski ), Minister of the Interior Ba Pule. terazosin Kasyanov (Pavle Trajanov), environment minister Tony. wave Ostrovsky (Toni Popovski), on behalf of local self-government Special Minister of Negev. Nassau non (Gevdet Nasufi), regardless of El Minister Nader. Philippine Jura Hu (Ernad Fejzulahu), Gaier Ji. Nawu Karimov (Gergi Naumov) and Adnan. Qiaxi Er (Adnan Cahil)
Administrative division Administrative Region Macedonia, 123 . include: Skopje, Bitola, Kumanovo, Shen Dipu other.
Judiciary set the Constitutional Court, ordinary courts and prosecutors. of the Constitutional Court about million. the general Ephron Sharansky (Jovan Proevski). ordinary courts in the lower courts (District Court), intermediate (district court) and Supreme Court levels. Supreme Court President Dmitry Recreation. Dimi Shi Khodorkovsky (Dimitrie Dimiskovski), also with economic and military courts. Attorney Stevan. Pa Fu Lie Siji.
political major political parties are: (1) Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Weixinan Ti d Di Magic Duo saddle blanket stays Bu Cheng Chang ? / font> Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Democratic Party For Macedonian National Unity): 1990  6 was established, its predecessor was founded in 1893 within the revolutionary organization of Macedonia. About 10 million members. advocates the establishment of an independent Republic of Macedonia, protection of minorities rights against Albanian separatism, through the introduction of market economy Ma Jiancheng rich countries, developing good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries, striving to join the European Union and NATO. President Liu Puqiao. ǰ¶ Chomsky (Ljupco Georgievski ), in November 1998 as prime minister.
(2) Liberal Party (Liberal Party): 1993  7 was formally established. advocates the establishment of full freedom, to support the Balkans and European Integration .2000 November, the Ma government reorganization , the ruling party to become one of the joint. The President Stoyan. Anduo Fu (Stojan Andov), 2000  11 was elected Speaker to succeed the resignation of former Speaker of the Klimov Sharansky.
(3) Macedonian society Democratic Alliance (The Social Democratic Union of Macedonia): formerly the League of Communists of Macedonia, in 1989 renamed the Republic of Macedonia weapon League Duogou mother often? / font> 1993 years to its present name. internal advocate the establishment of a democratic country of Macedonia and follow the rules of market economy of the new economic system, foreign executive peaceful foreign policy, committed to join the European Union and NATO, good-neighborly relations with neighboring countries, the development of equidistance. The party had long been in power in November 1998 was defeated in parliamentary elections in Malaysia, become the opposition party. President Branko. Crvenkovski (Branko Crvenkovski).
(4) Democratic Welfare Party (Party of Democratic Prosperity): 1990  5 was established for the Albanian political parties. advocates of national equality, seek to amend the constitution to allow the main ethnic Albanians have the status of Arab language as the second official language of Malaysia. The President Abdullah Rahman. Hali Di (Abdurahman Haliti).
(5) Party of Democratic Choice (Democratic Alternative): 1998  3  21  established. Internally, the advocates of human rights and freedoms into Macedonia, based on democratic, developed and prosperous countries; coexistence of diverse forms of ownership, of goods, capital and labor market to fully play a role in the overall The market economic system; an efficient, modern and well-organized army; the 21st century education system, improve the quality of education; protection of the environment and natural resources; external advocates equality and mutual benefit, respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-interference in internal affairs In 1998, after parliamentary elections in November horses, becoming one of the joint party quit the government in November .2000. Main Xiwaxier. Tupu Er Khodorkovsky (Vasil Tupurkovski).
VIP Boris. Trajkovski: President .1956 born in Macedonia in June, graduated from the Macedonian .1980 .1997 Faculty of Law, University of Skopje, Skopje years ago was the corporate legal department, he served as head of .1997-1998 Skopje Sise Lawo Da District, Mayor's Office .1998 late October 1999, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs in December was elected president the year 1999. Liu Puqiao. Georg Audigier Ostrovsky: Prime Minister .1966 was born in Shi Dipu, graduated from the Language and Literature, University of Skopje, Macedonia was established in .1990 Internal Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity, and was elected President since Vice President In 1991, 8 months later resigned from the post in October elected members of .1998, 11 was elected prime minister. Economic horses in the former Yugoslavia are economically backward countries. independence, because the international community on economic sanctions against Yugoslavia, Greece and the blockade of the horse severely affected by the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia ended .1997 economic situation of negative growth, GDP growth of 1.5%; 1998 .1994 5% growth in the privatization of the end of horse developed method, the transition to a market economy. By the end of 1997, the National 1350 a company in 1050 completed the privatization, the privatization of enterprises to create private enterprises and the economic income accounting for 70% of total income, value of GDP 80%. 

Lin Biao, a hundred years - plump coming

 December 5, 2007 (some say 7) is the Lin Biao and the birth of a hundred years, especially for the mind of this article. Huanggang City Mission wind Lin is back to the Longshan County, who return to childhood in the famous Longshan a private school to study, then the transformation of private school merged with other schools for secondary school, now known as the secondary back to Yongsan. I and Lin are both fellow alumni again.
I Zhu Shing Street, Xinzhou District, Wuhan City, but a new continent in the 50's come out before the split , has been attached to the Huanggang County (not yet known large Huanggang region), said Gangxi. New Island Zhu Shing Street, just 60 miles away from the back around Yongsan, and with the Huanggang mountains and rivers, cultural same vein, it is considered, and Lin Biao fellow Huanggang . According to the school is recorded, I have the unit - a new continent, is back to Yongsan Middle School teachers and other parts of the three schools, migration of data from mergers, so alumni and Lin also claim to be.
as a fellow , both for Lin unrivaled military medals and envy, and sigh for Yingxiongmolu and boo; as alumni, both for the one with the same pride, although the examination of its performance is more modest, but real military genius Huang Huang and admired.
Lin Biao's military merit goes without saying, Pingxingguan deal in famous war, passed the most of God, the Soviet Union, Battle of Stalingrad is a real command of Lin Biao and the victory, as well as Stalin and Mao Zedong to discuss, take the seven generals for Lin Biao. the highest concentration of military medals that reflect the Lin Biao and the movie colleagues of his father, a reconnaissance company commander was Shino, the battlefield is the military fighting in the northeast line of the front, but was temporary emergency once the security appointed commander of Lin Biao, as Lin Biao, with only a few guards to at or near the forefront of reconnaissance troops, (historical records, Lin graduated from the Huangpu Military Academy to the troops when the junior officer training, always take the lead in front punch, this several times wounded.) colleagues also vividly conveyed in the words of his father, millions of troops marching land in the Northeast, people shouting, but soon shadow, as if like angels, where is the deification of people got!
However, Heroes is so, so long divine Yingxiongmolu, sink like a stone, died on foreign soil, so Hero Tearful long, especially to fellow heart it hard . read a lot of historical records, reference to historical experience, consultation with the native elders, combined with self-life experience, and finally concluded: ending the tragedy of Lin Biao, mainly in its aloof personality.
Lin Although childhood intelligence, but also character, aloof, Li Zhuo Hou its enlightenment teachers had this feeling and predictions. Mr. Li Zhuohou is the father of geology, the father of Li Siguang, open-minded, knowledgeable, full of sense of justice and responsibility, is a prestigious teacher. He has three lifetime great joy to proud of. First, he participated in the League, and Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, who meet several times; Second, trained Siguang; Third, the initiation of the teacher, Li Zhuo Hou on the good grasp of the Dragon is a worm, all thanks to his own. students talked about personal ambitions and aspirations, in an impassioned talk about the public voice of the students, with the exception of Lin Biao appears to be very calm, cold, showing a trace of an air of disdain about. He casually recited a period of Su Shi's that he did not imagine that Su Shi, spirit, not to mention the aspirations and Lin Biao's mettle temper is so apt.
But like the Chinese character (regardless of how high only) since ancient times, the ill-fated, especially in times of peace. If the employer is not the time Autumn war, identify what was exceptional promotion of Mao Zedong, Lin Biao, good results will be difficult.
aloof one, look down on colleagues (except Su Yu). Lin talented, highly decorated, natural disdain of others. Red Army, he only regarded Peng for a competitor, carry a small book, won the battle each time, they must be their own inventories of a detailed record victories Corps, Army of Peng and leadership secretly competing with the three. Pingxingguan War called the Battle of the period after the shot went to the Soviet Union and recuperate, heroes difficult arena, and no comparison object. the liberation war, only to Su Yu (especially the Jinan Campaign) are interested in, other people are not looked down on, even bother stopping by and from, invisible enemies too much, isolate itself.
this point, and Han are very similar. Yi Zhongtian in the people, and Shicai proud, arrogant, but also like to study the issue. a day pondering some things always stay gas, there are always some lonely, this is not pleasant, especially those who do not discuss nonsense hippie smile all day eight of the rogue and Jiujiu Takeo like it. ; (Lin Biao was the platoon leader to his men that Lin Pai) is not hard to understand.
Snob II, contradicting the leader. Nie said, only Marshal Lin Biao, Mao Zedong, Peng They dare to talk back. Zunyi Meeting, Mao Zedong back, four Chishui showing off its cross erratic cunning warfare expertise, and finally to the Red Army out of trouble, but the troops do not go always take the arched Gongyao the Front commanders have a hard time of Lin Biao. this reckless, actually encouraged and replaced since Peng, requiring removal top leadership, the last coat dismissed as a leave without saying goodbye to Mao came ... ... and even, when Stalin sent 16 missions to recover the Soviet Air Force to help combat the Chinese People's Volunteers in Korea's decision, Lin actually at the party and Stalin refused to clink. so do not give top leaders face, how can one would be subjected to suspicion?
In fact, Lin has personal charm, such as the Yen does not shoot to discourage accidental injury on his Jinjun Shi Bing .1959 Lushan meeting, Mao accused of inciting post-Peng Lin Biao in the Zunyi Meeting, to the central letter, objecting to his . Lin has personally admitted: that the letter has nothing to do with Peng. For soldiers have feelings, Siping war lost, in the face full of tears out the wounded. After the liberation of some of the dignitaries for his wife Lao Shaopei, Lin could not understand or even refused to attend the wedding.
fair to say that Lin Biao is a career investment (workaholic if only as the battlefield on horseback in the bumps in the car only sleep well, like the smell of burning matches, smoke flavor) were indifferent to life. Some attack Lin Biao How duplicitous (in fact this is also forced by the environment), but who heard of Lin Biao and corruption, corruption of you?
famously aloof to Lin Biao, independence is not blind obedience, but also led to Lin Biao aloof isolated, Enterobacter capsize, be described as also aloof, arrogant loser.
how the death of Lin Biao in the end? although official as early as conclusive, but people still talking about the version a lot. set aside the fog of history, reference Han met, we may be inferred or two.
Hanshin earthquake of high power main, gradually cut its military power of Liu Bang, but do not want to kill the hero in the name of the back, and the remaining treasure of the heart, but Han Xin unhappy relationships, and against the Empress around them (such as Fan Kuai ), and finally as the Empress Lu, Xiao He even hand-murder, Lin seems to have paradoxically? Does fate really a set number somewhere?
I have always maintained it does not directly kill Mao Zedong and Lin Biao, Liu could not bear to kill Han as the same. After all, Mao and Lin are with the first highlighted the danger in Jinggangshan, with Liuan Gong, Zhu De, Chen Yi, the views of the differences, the struggle was at a disadvantage when Mao, Lin Biao and the addition of hair is standing on the side of the situation of adversity, could not help but Mao not moved, the status of Mao was a person of Emotion, even jealous of the Cultural Revolution, Mao Duilin even the abolition of the idea generation, but not moving Murder, as Mao Mi has always insisted on punishing the former, the saving lives, and strict ideological struggle, the organization dealing with the principle of leniency, AB Group of disaster to kill him realize that the human brain is not a leek, killing may be long, and the hair has always been eager to know people love it, not to mention military genius Lin? the United States refused the Soviet Union, or the liberation of Taiwan, Lin is the first choice for general hair. So I would rather believe that Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai Lin Biao took the opportunity to ask for instructions how to deal with the defection, said that the phrase go the central authorities in charge. Lin Biao's rebels of treason after the incident that shocked the world, the Party Constitution Party is the successor in an unprecedented level of flying Chinese defectors without precedent. Zedong psychological endurance While this can not be safely accepted his body forward and not fall fall blockbuster on his soul. He was silent for more than a month trying to come up, and finally, sick! Since then, Mao Zedong took to Tiananmen Square no imposing appearance. If the deliberate murder of Lin Biao, Mao Zedong, Ho For This?
Although I have always believed that Lin Biao was not die directly from the hands of Mao Zedong, but had to admit, the death of Lin Biao and Mao's imperial suspicion that began in the heart.
Mao Zedong was a great man unprecedented, and the liberation of the Chinese New China have made indelible contributions to establish its combination of traditional Chinese thought culmination of learning and using Marxism-Leninism, but also by the planned economy after the liberation dogma of damage and suffering preference militarization of economic life, while a strong feudal thinking. It is said that one of their begging in school girls (incarnation of Goddess of Mercy folklore) to the fortune teller, that hair is real dragons, so that Mao had a firm conviction to seize power. or a farm boy, almost without any background resources, the courage to (gross self-assessment), repeated challenges of power (the KMT, Japan, the United States, Soviet Union)? this prediction is certainly a firm belief in their victory, while strengthening its imperial consciousness. Zedong called Wentian, Liu Ying in the name of king, queen, course is usually a joke, but it is hard to say not imperial complex reflection of the subconscious.
he read, deep through Chinese history, Lin Biao, although his favorite generals. but who feudal emperors Yu surgery, so that The only useful and anti-Lin Biao. War is the employer's autumn, Lin Biao's shrewd intelligence, Lin Biao, Mao Zedong did the same sense of appreciation (the Red Army during the exceptional promotion of Lin Biao Lin Biao, 21, headed to 24 million years in office Army chief people) and love and affection (such as accidental injury personally arranged to send by Jun Yan Lin Biao to the wounded on the Soviet Union). to the times of peace, though still love and affection (which is concerned about the Lin Biao from his body, gifts Cao Cao seen), but the instinct of the feudal Emperor, but also to make it, not without the use of Lin Biao against the heart. plus the Cultural Revolution, Lin Biao and try to be smart match up, creating a big personality cult of Mao, although the gross gain political benefits, but the hair in the depths of the soul to deepen suspicion against the heart (which is launched from his letter to Jiang Qing during the Cultural Revolution can be seen). Finally, the position of President established two rivalry, big hurt the feelings of being used, resulting in a hair out of control.
In fact, between Mao Lin, more a country based on the concept of emotional differences dispute, rather than printing of too much hype right to enlarge the power struggle and fraud conspiracy. Beijing University of Technology professor Hu Xingdou of the Lin Biao was a mystery, put forward the main contradiction in China is not the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, but the shifted to economic development, to engage in purpose is not. explode. finished reports back home, Ye Qun, said: go away ... ....
retrospect, Lin Biao and which point is not correct? history has already concluded, the policy of reform and opening up policies and what concept of Lin Biao's political or not, Liu Shaoqi, Lin Biao Confucian certainly consistent with existing policies do not correct ? but the lack of modern political civilization, and the feudal rule of man tradition of the baptism of profound political struggle to become a victim of Lin Biao.
, of course, the death of Lin Biao, there is a direct factor, that is deceived by his wife Ye Qun. Lin weak of body within a few with the World isolated, primarily by Ye Qun information about the outside world. Ye Qun Although Canadian North talented woman beautiful, they are not good women, to meet the desires, from time to time to pass false information to the Lin Biao. and lust for Wang means spicy, do bad things to do (such as the Cultural Revolution, Lin Biao harm Sun Weishi once lovers.) compete with the Jiang Qing, had the first lady as soon as possible addiction, by the body as Lin Biao, Mao Zedong, Lin Biao launched an attack instigated. launched an attack failed, they inch chaos, says Lin Mao vital to deceive him, and finally took flight Lin is not coerced return path. In fact, Lin did not want to leave the country, do not believe that Mao would lead to his life, as Han Xin Liu Bang did not believe he would lay violent hands. I have heard men Liuhui Nong Lin Biao (former vice governor of Hubei Province) and Secretary of the person quoted, Lin said before boarding, I deal in war, a national hero, Mao would not have me. but in the end was his wife hostage and flying - it seems, VIP wives can not be too casual.
Lin Biao's military genius It is recognized, acknowledged that the military genius, in the Whampoa Military Academy is mediocre (Nie language). why mediocre student in the military (including Zhang Linfu), but in true real gun and knife shine it on the battlefield? Lin Biao in Huangpu Military mediocre you really are?
said that Lin Biao in the Whampoa Military Academy on several occasions out of line events. The most typical outrageous thing is to play the gun fire in the dormitory of Lin Biao, almost any death be punished. at the Whampoa Military Academy drill regulations, bullet can only be used in the training field, is strictly prohibited back to the bedroom, but Lin Biao training addictive enough, actually secretly wondering bullets back to the bedroom playing, seven eight get get, firing a bullet in the chamber, almost to the students injured upper end, the students send a punitive expedition to the Lin Biao, Lin Biao that deliberate harm, but insist that he is learning the gun Lin Yi, did not mean harm, refuses to admit, the two sides daggers drawn, where the final report to President Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Kai-shek did not expect to know the truth, not only did not criticize Lin Biao Lin Biao and study hard but praise.
Although praised by the president of an accident, but Lin Biao and the results are still outstanding. Originally, the Whampoa Military Academy and now secondary school the same results out of total subjects, in addition to military doctrine and training, also includes the Three People's Principles and other political programs, and Lin Biao was only interested in military subjects, but the general deal with other subjects, that Lin Biao was a side branches or only partial, just as now some of the students, or a good liberal arts or science is good, that score is not high, so the SAT score is not high, difficult on a good school. At that time there were still cases, such as Lin Biao Zhang Linfu, etc., but ironically, is , true to the battlefield, the original students who score high in the examination room, such as The Four Whampoa and the like, are often lost in the average test scores of students in the hands, the most typical one of the Huangpu four-Chen Cheng Jie Lin Biao in the Northeast was hit the battlefield and go be sick . Kuomintang Zhanglin Fu on the battlefield as Wal-Mart gone, afraid that the Japanese, even the blow of the Communist Party of Su Yu, and Zhang Linfu exchange of punches and also suffered quite a lot, in the end only one Menglianggu heart of hate snow.
In conclusion of Lin Biao, Zhang Linfu and the like are not Mu reputation, focus on practical, good self-bias was even pondering the genius. Lin alone in wondering, is the actual quality of the talent, non-examination talent, training a trick, a clever way to fight , according to the actual local conditions, the mind active aura. such as the Red Army during an ambush by enemy forces, he could panic, timely organization break through, break through, the red tree in the mountains, blowing bugles contact, collect scattered soldiers, army soon returned to combat, so loved by the appreciation of Mao Zedong.
because of proceeding from reality, and through self-digestion, so I do not blindly follow the leadership of Lin Biao higher level, even for him helping his career and his exceptional promotion of Mao Zedong, the insist on adhering to the opposition to oppose, that unambiguous. Mao was a very confident commander, impatient up and curses, such as the often controversial battlefield command and Lin Biao, from time to time criticize Lin Biao and the Lin often diametrically opposed: the first line. , but the teacher does not mind if the tolerance, I'm afraid I will suffer, but also disgrace the teacher's face manner, and create enthusiasm for the students to be suppressed, the quality of talent was stifled.
Lin Biao and the quality of genius, both expressed in'm guilty of leading Yan Zhijian , also reflected in the promotion of talented men make bold. The most typical vertical commander of the Northeast Shino 5 Zhong Wei, the TV , due to the leadership in charge of relations with the then well together, and with his wife went to the northeast of Jiangsu after, supposedly was a deserter, perhaps caught by the former leader will be shot, but they take him in Lin Biao, Zhong Wei will be heard because of war , often daring surprise move, and love, real war, so the main need. However, Zhong Wei, indeed reckless, dare disobedience in the northeast battle, even against the life of Lin Biao, commander in chief benefactor fieldwork, and the results of Lin Biao did change their original be determined, according to Zhong Wei views re-deployment, the final victory. even leave from reality, not superstition and the authority of superiors, subordinates do not ignore the creation, who is heard, the leadership did not face any kind of dignity shelf vanity thing; second Care to adhere to the principles of their own, do not they have often committed by the President Yan Zhijian and finally adopted, of course, should be similarly treated his subordinates to create, because they also dry up from below.
Lin is such a military genius, not only to challenge authority, argue, and to mobilize his men seeking truth from facts, respect for subordinates to create, not football power, had not appointed, promoted a bold personality personnel, deserters Zhong Wei is the only directly in the fieldwork was promoted by the column commander, commander, tolerance and talent, not the hero sympathetic mind, how can this be? < br> with a view of educational theory nowadays, Lin called a model of quality education, but today's school education is unlikely to develop such a genius of Lin Biao, of course, fair to say that, gifted and more non-school generation.
now school hardly contain the personality, only recognition scores. look at our present education system, the students hoop in the classroom, the teacher tied up in the office, in a word, the teachers and students in the college entrance examination scores tied the chariot, the students practical skills and personal skills is difficult to take into account the results of students The exam scores may go up, students may be obliterated individuality and creativity, genius Maxima is stable among the parallel slot die. and we eighties, although a college entrance examination pressure, but the afternoon of the third day, four classes, school serve to each class for students to playground activities, scored not only did not decline, but Zhimakaihua steadily high, especially eight seventh gathering of distinguished, the first removal of provincial champion title, Ba students become top level is the economic scientists, and the honor to teach leadership to the Central Political Bureau.
genius are often personality, educators should have mercy and even help each other genius, not only as punishment Lin Chiang gun into the bedroom without permission, but recognition of his willing to study, not only exceptional promotion of Lin Biao, Mao Zedong, but also for the Lin Biao and aloof, do not get along with others in the problems, specially designed for large amount of his strength Ronghuan matching principle for political commissar, for along the way. in certain standpoint , the outcome depends on the bipartisan leaders of the two parties for the degree of Lin Biao, as the war between Chu and Han victory or defeat depends on the items on the Han Xin Liu attitude. Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong are appreciated for Lin, but the hair is more in place, so the Lin Biao as lay the foundation for the Communist Party defeated the Kuomintang.
but the Chinese cultural tradition is difficult to accommodate the individuality, personality of the genius of it is the survival probability is very low, often less than very, such as war autumn, when the employer, the date of his early difficult days , when the lofty. Maxima horses that need, the quality of education, need high-quality teachers and leaders, such as love of the Chiang Kai-shek Lin Biao, Mao Zedong and Lin Biao Zhong Wei extraordinary use.
Yingxiongmolu and sad for the fellow, calling political democracy; quality talent for the alumni Ertan, calling the quality of education. Finally, a festival of poetry:
Lugou Incident seven years old Probing return visit to Yongsan. <> Japanese deal in shock China, fathers dead end shock world. <> Faithfulness praise or blame God unpredictable, borderline insult Wing Chun of the total. <>, but in his lifetime Hidetake gas, which Yen thinking behind the demons!
Zhang Jin: the first insights Huang Wansheng, is In 1986 he was invited to China will re-submit the claim to go Japanese Yellow like you are in the age of my your masterpiece displayed logic of reason and common sense article, if you have the same breadth and depth with the observation of Huang or I experience the content of the Western system of social experience, might also become like him more radical ; natural evolution mind, to break through the ideological cage depth on this topic of rational exchange .-- Li Xianyuan

China's growing gap between rich and poor and causes the characteristics of

 China's growing gap between rich and poor characteristics and causes of
Sun Liping
reform in the past quarter century, China established the basic institutional framework of market economy and promotion of market economy to achieve rapid economic growth. But at the same time, the market economy should be matched with the various interests of the balancing mechanism has not set up accordingly, the result is a serious imbalance in the pattern of social interests and the interests of the pattern of imbalance caused by the proliferation of various social contradictions. From the mid-90s of last century, China the trend of growing social polarization. wealth gap, the polarization of the issue, not only China today has begun to form the basic background of many social problems, but also by inhibiting demand, began as a constraint to China the bottleneck of economic growth. Because of this, adjust the pattern of interests has become a harmonious society is one of the most important themes.
why the widening gap between rich and poor: from income to consumption in China's reform and the initial
stage, there had been a short-term no occupation were the most obvious improvement in the situation. Second, the periphery of society there and the development of thriving vitality weather, showing vitality and rural livelihoods, a boom town. This change in orientation of the market economy reform inevitable result. because in the previous system of redistribution of wealth in society is mainly concentrated in the hands of the state, hand in hand with wealth and resources of society the extreme the basic orientation of economic reform, will undoubtedly have a spread of wealth and resources, the effect of growth.
under the overall effect of equalization, partial differentiation of the income gap between rich and poor and even began to appear. this gap and differentiation mainly In: In order to strengthen the incentives within the enterprise to implement a differential in salary and bonus system; in the new employment policies and economic institutional framework that allows self-employed urban residents, some people have been at the bottom of society to become the first through the self-employed the rich traders, workers and the general widening income gap; third early differentiation is mainly reflected in the chivalrous income. was one survey, the public dissatisfaction with the income gap is mainly aimed Naotidaogua, individual, private property owners income is too high, the contractor, lessee, and general workers income gap large, unfair distribution between regions of interest issues. But Overall, the degree of differentiation between rich and poor was still quite limited.
from the mid-80s, things began to change. peasant income growth at a very slow phase urban-rural income gap began to widen, while the loss of state assets started until the later large-scale state-owned assets divided, and the resulting pattern of social interests are significantly unbalanced.
loss of state assets began in goods market, capital markets, financial two-track market. Although today's perspective, leveraging the old two-track system may well be the lever, but the resulting loss of state assets is also undeniable. The loss of state assets, mainly in poor, spread, tax gap over. Into the 90's after, especially after the mid-90s, large-scale state-owned assets divided up into a more substantive phase. was originally called the Meanwhile, with the conduct of enterprise restructuring, accumulated over the past few decades, began to be carved up the state-owned assets. how much this figure is difficult to statistics and computation. In recent years, the state-owned enterprise reform, capital operation, bribery , is the state-owned assets illegally transferred to private hands in the main form. In addition, corruption has also amassed the wealth of more substantial role to play.
the 21st century, a new mechanism for the distribution of wealth began to appear, This is the plundering of wealth between groups. According to Zhong Wei, an economist calculated a year employment enterprises and social security by pushing down wages and more access to 440 billion in profits; real negative interest rates two percentage points, at least means that the depositors lose at least 60 billion per year interest income; in the capital markets, the stock market downturn a few years ago, small investors lost at least in the 1.5 trillion or more; cheap expropriation of peasant land, 20 years approximately 2 trillion total differential land rent, and that a considerable portion of them is implemented in recent years. in the city to implement the demolition plundering the wealth is incalculable.
addition to this obvious exploitation, the fact there is a hidden plunder. This includes: First, the last few years the reform of the social security system, a considerable number of people have lost basic social protection, social security coverage was reduced more than the original, has a variety of social security coverage managed to reach about half the urban population. Second, health care, education, housing The costs will be greatly improved. in recent years, China's annual rate of increase of medical expenses up to 14%, medical costs have increased substantially and significantly increased the financial burden of poor communities. In the past ten years time, our university received costs rose almost 100 times. coupled with soaring prices, people will care, education, housing, called the new process. A few years ago, the State Council Development Research Center of Development Strategy and Regional Economy Research on However, if replaced by per capita expenditure targets, then the total poor population increased to 3710 million immediately. This shows a substantial increase in spending, as part of the population caused by the direct cause of poverty.
redistribution
bad economic system in the market , the market for the first time in the implementation of distribution and redistribution by the state, is the distribution of national wealth of the two major means. in the market mechanism makes the income gap is widening the circumstances, the redistribution mechanism should play an important gap between rich and poor relief role. However, in the past several years, the income and wealth in the possession of a growing gap between the same time, the redistribution has not been able to effectively play the role of mitigation redistribution. even in some redistribution of areas, should have been played redistribution of wealth differentiation of mitigation projects, and have actually played a role in increasing the gap between rich and poor.
The first is China's financial expenditures for basic livelihood of the people's input is too small. Some experts pointed out that China's fiscal expenditure structure of the prominent features is one more with administrative costs, social security contributions less .1990-2001 years, average annual growth rate of administrative costs was 29.2%, 12 years, an increase of 7.3 times, and some poor groups are difficult to fully funded social security funds; II investment in urban construction and more funding for rural development less; three more with the industrial, agricultural inputs less; Fourth, the civil service wage increases and more low income farmers. Zhou Tianyong researcher's findings show that in 2004, our expenditures for administration official ratio of 37.6%, 12.5% in the United States; of the ratio of capital expenditure for the economy was 11.6%, U.S. 5.0%; China for public services and social management of the total expenditure of 25%, 75% of the United States; for other expenditures, China and the United States were 25.8% and 7.5%. Some scholars have pointed out that in previous years for the basic livelihood of the investment-GDP ratio of the low ranking first in the world, is lower than in poor countries in Africa. fiscal expenditure the unreasonable structure, weakening the state's regulation of other social and economic activities, resulting in a shortage of public goods and the lack of basic social security, making the income gap in the market caused by the expanding case, the redistribution of the wealth gap is difficult to help ease role.
sometimes even the limited role of investment is increasing gap between rich and poor of society, not to narrow the gap. China's social security system and the distribution of public goods, are related to urban and rural structure and its Related to this linked to the household registration system. The result is already much higher than the income of rural residents to urban residents enjoy the more social security and public goods, and income have been much lower than urban residents to rural residents is very and even less in some areas can not enjoy social security and public goods, it has to bear the medical, education, pensions, housing, welfare costs and so on. According to the data, in 2001, the budget per student in primary public funds, urban average 95 yuan, 28 yuan in rural areas as in urban areas is 3.39 times the rural areas. junior high school student budget public funds, urban average is 146 yuan to 45 yuan in rural areas, rural towns are 3.24 times. The income of urban population in rural areas have been several times. welfare and the result of unfair distribution of public goods is to make the already among the highest in the world, the widening gap between urban and rural areas. As is often mentioned in recent years, China's per capita income gap between urban and rural residents in more than three times, but if to factors such as welfare and public goods calculated in, the gap between the two will be expanded to 6 times.
even in inner cities, social welfare and the allocation of public goods, there was not fair, limited public service resources by a few people share, such as medical. according to poor countries such as India, Cuba, North Korea (topics, gallery), Sudan, Vanuatu, Myanmar, Burundi, are the implementation of universal free medical system. in the World Health Organization, financing and distribution of medical and health equity in the ordering, the Chinese government only 17% of the burden of medical costs, ranked fourth last in the world. And, according to a medical and health survey, only 17% of the burden of medical expenses by the government, another 80% to 8.5 million in military and political cadres of the main groups of services. According to the Ministry of Supervision, Ministry of Personnel disclosure, the National Party and government departments have 200 million cadres at all levels on extended sick leave, which accounted for 40 million cadres, cadres and long-term ward. cadres guest houses, resorts, spending the year 500 billion.
especially personal income tax revenue is to adjust the gap between rich and poor is an important lever. In some countries, people in pre-tax income gap can be large, but after personal income tax adjustment, which species will greatly narrow the gap. If the United States, only a progressive income tax to the lowest income and highest income groups, the income gap between groups, after-tax than before tax reduced several times. But in China, the personal income tax will not be able effectively alleviate the gap between rich and poor, and sometimes has a negative regulatory role. we are able to adjust the tax in 2001, for example, to see how the expansion of the tax rather than narrow the gap between rich and poor. We look at the urban-rural. in accordance with relevant Statistics, in 2001 a tax revenue of nearly 99.6 billion yuan. In addition, the tax burden on farmers was not canceled. farmers to pay various ) or from the use of point of view, in fact, can be seen as a disguised form of personal income tax. all kinds of money paid by farmers, when in 2000 billion yuan, 200 yuan per capita. If the burden of the farmers see as a disguised person income tax, when the total number of China's actual personal income tax as of 3000 billion, of which farmers paid about 60%, while net income of farmers of all urban and rural residents accounted for only 33% of total revenue. If you do not take into account taxes paid by farmers, the income of urban residents was 2.89 times the equivalent of rural residents. If the farmers take into account the taxes paid by the factors, then expanded to 3.17 times.
in the inner city, the situation is the same is the case, a few years ago some surveys show that In the personal income tax, wages, salaries accounted for 40% of the project, working-class taxpayers into the actual body. In addition some of the sporadic surveys show that in some places a tax paid in the working-class accounted for 60% or even 70 % or more. The wage income of working-class urban residents represent only about 33% of disposable income. This no doubt will expand the income gap within the city. There are data, although less than 20% of the rich people occupy 80% financial assets or savings, but they only pay individual income tax is less than 10% of the total. In Guangdong, high-income people to pay personal income tax accounted for only 2.33% of total. can be seen from the above figures, a tax levied on the inhibition of the trend of widening gap between rich and poor, and do a lot of work. but even so, the trend of widening gap between rich and poor, and not fundamentally changed. This shows that, in our present circumstances, the interests of the adjustment is a very difficult to do. The enormity of the reason is that the current distribution of income and wealth largely in a state of non-standardized, can be used such as the personal income tax and other conventional means to effectively control the process of income and wealth distribution has been relatively limited. From this sense, the gap between rich and poor governance in a non-state have been signs.
I was on the distribution of national income in 2002 conducted a rough estimate, we can look at this as an example look in the year, we have created much wealth, that wealth is through what channels, in what manner the distribution? these riches are given to whom? government departments can monitor the allocation process? If depreciation and other factors ignored, you can roughly say that this year our community to create a 10 trillion of wealth. Here we see how this 10 trillion in various parts of society were allocated. can be roughly divided into four parts. The first piece of the profits of the enterprise, about 1 trillion; second block is the government's revenue, about 2 trillion, of which 1.5 trillion budget revenue; the third block is the income of urban residents in 2002, the national per capita disposable income of urban residents was 7703 yuan, if the urban population by 480 million people (2001 figures) calculated, all urban residents in 2002 the disposable income of nearly 3.7 trillion. The fourth block is the income of rural residents to obtain, 2002 National Rural per capita net income of 2,476 yuan, if the calculation of the rural population by 800 million people in 2002, the net income of all residents in rural areas nearly 2 trillion. The pieces add up to a total of 8.7 trillion. That is, there are 13,000 Can not find Zhuer billion, including depreciation, non-monetary part of the calculation errors. should be acknowledged that the above calculation is very rough, of which double counting, there are errors, etc., but generally still see that our national the general pattern of distribution.
problem is where? First, we can see that a total of 10 trillion in wealth distribution, it is first found Zhuer 1.3 trillion. But the main problem is not here, but in the income of urban residents in 3.7 trillion. This is the biggest piece of proportion, but at the same time is the most vague. so this distribution of wealth needs to be carefully analyzed. In this piece, one part of the total, billion. 3.7 trillion 1.2 trillion removed, there are 2.5 trillion. This city of 2.5 trillion, including those in self-employment income, including dividends, interest, rental income. But we know that a few pieces together , far less than 2.5 trillion. That is, the income of urban residents, there are a considerable part in the gray state, but we are still no way to know the exact number or proportion. But one thing is clear, that the income of urban residents , in addition to total wages are in part under the supervision of the State, the remaining 2.5 trillion, the disposable income of urban residents that two-thirds, are in countries outside monitoring. In addition, China's annual There are a considerable number of existing assets involved in the distribution, the most important is the loss of state assets and the land of farmers forced to obtain the differential rent. If this factor into account non-standard annual allocation of wealth ratio is quite large.
high income and wealth distribution of non-standardized, and to regulate social relations in the interests of the cause of a series of difficulties. First, as the preceding analysis shows, the tax can not be achieved on the growing income disparity effective regulation and control, and sometimes even counterproductive. because the income tax personal income in the income distribution must be established on the basis of standardization, which is at least relevant to know who's income is how much revenue the project is. But in China, As a non-standardized distribution of income, in addition to working-class wage income, the relevant departments of the data difficult to master. In recent years, with the income distribution system reform, the income distribution standardization progress, but this progress has been still mainly in wage income. In this context, a problem caused the alert is needed, that the middle class may become the victim of regulating interest. because relatively speaking, wage-based income of the middle class Standardization is the highest level, the personal income tax is levied on the most vulnerable. In recent years at all levels of government has introduced a number of policy measures to adjust the gap between rich and poor, these policies have been the original intention is to adjust the gap between rich and poor, even in order to achieve ; provide low expansion, the increase, object. and we know that a large presence of middle-income groups, is to prevent the polarization of society to the premise.
Second, the government is difficult to distinguish between rich and poor, redistribution is difficult to accurately implement the adjustment measures to the head. such as in the implementation of the minimum living security system, because the government can not precisely identify the poor and the rich, the object can only be assigned the task of guaranteeing the implementation of the residents committee. But residents of the neighborhood committee can not grasp the exact income, and so it was a pets can not enjoy the subsistence allowances, the use of mobile phones can not do nothing but enjoy the subsistence allowances and other ridiculous criteria. affordable housing and the distribution of low-cost housing is also true that in recent years have emerged in many places to buy houses can not buy, should not buy it buy, room number or even the phenomenon of reselling at high prices. In Beijing, some room number can be sold for more than ten million. There are places, low-cost housing built, but Zhoushaosengduo, late can not be assigned later. In fact, because the little monk is more real or not exactly the most difficult to grasp who is who and who should be the most low-rent housing. The problem, in fact, and income distribution are highly non-standardized linked. < br> to establish a market economy the interests of the balancing mechanism
May 26 last year, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau held a meeting to study the reform of the income distribution system and standardizing income distribution problems. some media pointed out that this means that the adjustment of interests, narrow the gap between rich and poor has become a consensus. public opinion in the income distribution system reform, will involve the extension of social security side, inhibit the breeding of unfair monopoly, the use of control means, and many other tax measures to the rapid economic growth in the At the same time, promote social equity goals. but need to see, in the interest adjustment, the policy is very important, more fundamental mechanisms.
a worthwhile question is, What makes the income gap in China in October a few years time such a dramatic change occurred? in the underlying factors behind this change is what? to lead the direct cause of this change, there has been much discussed, for example, the issue of income distribution system, personal income income tax issues, corruption issues, divide the problem of state-owned assets, and so on. But the question is, why these different factors will work together to increase the social inequality? why these factors in such a short period of time have on the rich-poor divide such a huge impact? these systems or the factors themselves again in the context of what shape? In fact, if we look back carefully, you can find in the back of these factors, it is the pursuit of different groups in the expression and their own interests that exist on the ability of a huge difference. So we can say is behind the disparity in the expression of different groups pursuing their own interests and ability to balance the results.
fact, a serious imbalance in the back of the pattern of interests, often without exception, the existence of this factor. peasants issue has become a chronic problem of Chinese society, and the ability to pursue the interests of farmers is linked to the disadvantaged; in land acquisition and demolition of the grave injustice is being damaged by a lack of effective interest the interests of the channels and directly related to the expression; repeated violations of labor rights, millions of migrant workers toil without pay after one year, reasons that the interests of their lack of institutionalized channels of expression and the pursuit of profits.
interest in gender differences for institutional context is the right balance. Therefore, the key issue is to establish a relatively balanced, a system to protect the interests of the expression mechanism. to establish an effective mechanism for expression of interest, in fact, is to build a relatively complete market economic system, an essential components. the market economy is essentially based on the interests of a subject based on the differentiation of the economic game, the more sound market economy among different stakeholders is a benign game. In such a system in which expression of interest is the game basis. need to see, and in the interests of the diverse interests of diverse interests on the basis of the formation of conflict and contradiction, not a terrible phenomenon. In general, the expression of interest and the game is a relatively mild Social interaction is a normal part of social life. Furthermore, even if some serious conflicts of interest led to social conflict, in essence, the real cause of conflict is not the result expression, but the interests of the opposition itself, and sometimes precisely because lack of effective channels of expression.
expression of interest in the discussion, it is more the expression of interest to emphasize the importance of disadvantaged groups, which of course is right, but not comprehensive. In fact, in the current Chinese society in the expression of interest not only for the vulnerable groups to the other groups, including powerful groups are also very important. well, in our present circumstances, the interests of vulnerable groups, the expression of the problem becomes more prominent, because they neither institutionalized channels for expressing interest, but also nothing more than institutionalized way fight for their own interests. In contrast, the lack of standardization in the interests of society as a whole to pursue under way, with a strong group with interests in various ways to fight for their advantage. But we must see that these largely non-standardized manner, and, strong group in the use of these methods to fight for their interests, their cost is considerable.